Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, wh...

Intergove mental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) establishes different scenario emissions of greenhouse gases namely IPCC SRES Scenarios. These IPCC SRES Scenarios are defined for different social, technological, economic, demographic, and environmental developments, which are labeled A1 (A1B, A1T, A...

  Global general circulation models (GCMs) are the most advanced tools currently available for simulating the response of the climate system to increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations under IPCC SRES Scenarios. A GCM is 3-dimensional simulation of the general circulation of the atmosphere and...

  GCMs cannot provide information at scales finer than their computational grid (typically of the order of 250 km), and processes at these unresolved scales are important. Thus, the usefulness of the raw output from a GCM for climate change assessment in specific regions is limited. To bridge the sp...